Nestled in the heart of the picturesque hill capital of Sri Lanka, Kandy, lies one of the most sacred Buddhist sites in the world – the Dalada Maligawa, also known as the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic. Revered by Buddhists across the globe, this spiritual and cultural landmark attracts thousands of local and international visitors each year. The temple is not just a religious monument; it is a symbol of the island’s rich history, heritage, and devotion.
The Sacred Tooth Relic of Lord Buddha
The main reason Dalada Maligawa holds such immense significance is because it houses the Sacred Tooth Relic of Lord Buddha. According to historical records, the relic was brought to Sri Lanka from India in the 4th century A.D. hidden in the hair of Princess Hemamala and Prince Dantha. It has since been enshrined and worshipped by kings and rulers of the island, making it a symbol of sovereignty and power in Sri Lanka.
The relic is not just a spiritual object; it represents the divine presence of the Buddha. This is why every ruler of Sri Lanka ensured its safekeeping. Traditionally, it is believed that whoever holds the Tooth Relic has the divine right to govern the country.
History of Dalada Maligawa
The current Temple of the Tooth was constructed in the 17th century by King Vimaladharmasuriya I, who established it within the royal palace complex. Subsequent kings added more structures and embellishments, making the temple an architectural masterpiece that reflects the grandeur of the Kandyan era.
The temple was damaged and reconstructed multiple times due to colonial invasions and civil unrest. Despite this, Dalada Maligawa has stood the test of time and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its cultural and historical significance.
Architectural Marvel
Dalada Maligawa is an outstanding example of Kandyan architecture. The temple is a blend of Sri Lankan, South Indian, and Thai architectural elements. The octagonal tower known as “Paththirippuwa” was added during the reign of King Sri Wickrama Rajasinghe, and it offers a panoramic view of the Kandy Lake and the surrounding hills.
Inside the temple complex, one can find intricately carved wooden pillars, gold-plated doors, and elaborate murals that depict Buddhist stories and Jataka tales. The inner chamber that houses the Sacred Tooth Relic is heavily guarded and only accessible to the monks. The relic itself is kept in a golden casket shaped like a stupa.
Daily Rituals and Offerings
Worship at the Dalada Maligawa follows a strict ritual schedule that has remained unchanged for centuries. The three daily poojas – Thewawa – take place in the morning, noon, and evening. These offerings include flowers, incense, oil lamps, and food. Traditional Kandyan drummers perform during each pooja, creating a mesmerizing and spiritual atmosphere for worshippers and tourists alike.
Sri Dalada Perahera – A Grand Cultural Spectacle
One of the most iconic cultural events in Sri Lanka is the Esala Perahera, also known as the Sri Dalada Perahera. Held annually in July or August, this grand procession is organized to honor the Sacred Tooth Relic. It is considered one of the oldest and most spectacular Buddhist festivals in the world.
The Perahera features elaborately decorated elephants, traditional dancers, drummers, fire performers, and more. The highlight is the majestic tusker carrying the golden casket of the Tooth Relic, parading through the streets of Kandy. The entire city comes alive with lights, music, and devotion, drawing visitors from all over the globe.
Importance of Dalada Maligawa in Sri Lankan Buddhism
Dalada Maligawa is not only a center of spiritual worship but also a key institution in Theravāda Buddhism. It plays a central role in religious education, rituals, and the preservation of Buddhist scriptures and traditions. Many pilgrims travel from across the country to pay homage to the Tooth Relic and seek blessings.
The temple also houses the Malwatte and Asgiriya monastic chapters, which are among the most respected Buddhist sects in the country. The high priests from these monasteries hold great influence in both religious and cultural affairs of Sri Lanka.
Location and Accessibility
Located in Kandy, the second-largest city in Sri Lanka, Dalada Maligawa is easily accessible by road and rail. The temple stands next to the scenic Kandy Lake, providing a serene backdrop for reflection and prayer. Just a short walk from the Kandy railway station, the temple is one of the most visited tourist attractions in the country.
Travelers can also explore nearby attractions such as:
- Kandy Lake (Kiri Muhuda) -Located just beside the Dalada Maligawa, Kandy Lake, also known as Kiri Muhuda (meaning “Milky Sea”), is a tranquil man-made lake that beautifully complements the spiritual atmosphere of Sri Lanka’s sacred city. Built in 1807 by King Sri Wickrama Rajasinghe, the last monarch of the Kandyan Kingdom, the lake was designed as part of the royal palace complex to enhance its grandeur.
- Surrounded by a white-stone parapet known as the Walakulu Bamma (cloud wall), the lake is not only a scenic attraction but also a historic and symbolic element of Kandy. A small island in the center of the lake is said to have been used as the king’s private garden.
- Today, Kandy Lake offers a peaceful escape for pilgrims and travelers visiting the Temple of the Tooth. Early mornings and evenings provide the best experience, with reflections of the temple shimmering on the water and cool breezes adding to the serene charm of the area. Whether you’re walking along its banks or simply pausing to take in the view, Kandy Lake is a must-see spot that captures the soul of the city.
Udawattakele Sanctuary -Just a short walk uphill from the Dalada Maligawa lies Udawattakele Sanctuary, a peaceful rainforest retreat right in the heart of Kandy. Once known as the “Forbidden Forest” during the Kandyan Kingdom, this lush green reserve served as a royal garden for the kings and queens of Sri Lanka.Today, Udawattakele is a protected sanctuary teeming with biodiversity, home to rare birds, butterflies, monkeys, and giant lianas that weave through the canopy. The forest is also dotted with ancient hermitages, rock caves, and Buddhist meditation spots, making it both a natural and spiritual escape.Ideal for nature lovers and hikers, the sanctuary offers quiet walking trails under thick jungle cover, just minutes from the city’s sacred center. If you’re visiting the Temple of the Tooth, a stroll through Udawattakele is the perfect way to experience the wild beauty and historic mystery of Kandy.
- Royal Palace of Kandy -Located adjacent to the Dalada Maligawa, the Royal Palace of Kandy was the grand residence of the last monarchs of Sri Lanka before colonial rule. Once the heart of the Kandyan Kingdom, the palace complex housed not only the king and his court but also temples, audience halls, and royal chambers.Though only parts of the original structure remain, visitors can still explore the Magul Maduwa (Royal Audience Hall), with its finely carved wooden columns, and the Queens’ Palace, now home to the National Museum of Kandy. These surviving sections offer a glimpse into the artistic and political brilliance of the era.A visit to the Royal Palace reveals the deep connection between royalty and religion, as it sits beside the Temple of the Tooth, emphasizing the king’s sacred duty to protect the Buddha’s relic. Today, it stands as a quiet but powerful symbol of Sri Lanka’s rich royal heritage.
National Museum of Kandy -Just steps away from the Dalada Maligawa, the National Museum of Kandy offers a fascinating journey through the history and culture of the Kandyan Kingdom. Housed in the former Queen’s Palace, the museum showcases a rich collection of royal artifacts, ancient weapons, traditional jewelry, manuscripts, and ceremonial costumes.
- Each exhibit tells the story of a kingdom that fiercely protected its sovereignty and culture until the very end of monarchy in Sri Lanka. The museum’s preserved architecture and intimate layout make it feel like walking through a time capsule of regal life.
- For anyone visiting the Temple of the Tooth, this museum is a must-visit to understand the legacy of Kandy’s last kings and the cultural treasures they left behind.
- Bahirawakanda Vihara Buddha Statue -Towering above the city on a lush hillside near the Dalada Maligawa, the Bahirawakanda Vihara Buddha Statue is one of the most iconic landmarks in Kandy. This massive white Buddha, seated in the meditation posture, stands 88 feet tall and symbolizes peace and protection over the sacred city.
- From the base of the statue, visitors can enjoy panoramic views of Kandy, including the Temple of the Tooth, Kandy Lake, and the surrounding hills. The serene atmosphere and stunning backdrop make it a favorite spot for both spiritual reflection and photography.
- A short tuk-tuk ride or uphill walk from the city center, this tranquil site is a must-visit for anyone exploring the cultural heart of Sri Lanka.
Tips for Visitors
If you’re planning to visit Dalada Maligawa, here are some helpful tips:
- Dress modestly – shoulders and knees should be covered.
- Remove shoes and hats before entering the temple.
- Photography is allowed in some areas but not near the relic chamber.
- Silence and respect are expected inside the temple premises.
- Visit during Pooja times to experience the traditional rituals and drumming.
Best Time to Visit
Dalada Maligawa is open year-round, but the best time to visit is during the Esala Perahera season if you want to witness the grand cultural celebration. However, even on regular days, the temple’s spiritual energy and rich ambiance make it a must-visit location in Sri Lanka.
The early morning and late evening hours are quieter and more peaceful, ideal for those seeking a meditative experience.
The Spiritual Experience
Visiting the Dalada Maligawa is not just a sightseeing activity – it’s a spiritual journey. Whether you are a devout Buddhist or a curious traveler, the serene environment, rhythmic chants, and aroma of incense create an atmosphere that touches your soul.
It is a place where history, religion, art, and culture come together, offering a profound insight into the heart of Sri Lankan identity.
Final Thoughts
Dalada Maligawa in Kandy is more than just a temple – it is the spiritual heart of Sri Lanka. It symbolizes the country’s deep-rooted Buddhist heritage, the resilience of its people, and the grandeur of its ancient kingdoms. Whether you are visiting for religious purposes, cultural exploration, or sheer curiosity, the Temple of the Tooth Relic promises an unforgettable experience.
For anyone exploring Sri Lanka, especially the Central Province, a visit to Dalada Maligawa is an absolute must. The temple is not just a cultural landmark but a living tradition that continues to inspire and uplift millions.
Plan your pilgrimage or cultural tour today, and immerse yourself in the timeless beauty and sanctity of Dalada Maligawa, Kandy.
